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The four Ages (yugs) were established and the first three were given names Satyug, Treta, Dvapar. Fourth one was Kaliyug. And four castes came to be known as the kings of four ages. Brahmin, kshatriya, vaishya and sudhra became predominate in each age.
In Satiyug, Vishnu is said to have come to earth as Hansavaar and explained the problems pertaining to metaphysics (The story is there in the eleventh canto of the Bhagvat Purana), and nothing but one soham-Brahm was discussed and pondered upon.
Getting indifferent to maya, people would praise one Lord. They would go to forests and pull on life by eating natural vegetations. Though they lived for lacs of years but they would construct the palaces, forts and grand mansions.
On the one hand the world was passing away and on the other the life current would go stably.
In Gurmukhi ਪਉੜੀ ੫ : ਜੁੱਗ ਆਦਿਕ ਚਾਰਿ ਜੁਗਿ ਕਰਿ ਥਾਪਨਾ ਸਤਿਜੁਗ ਤ੍ਰੇਤਾ ਦੁਆਪਰੁ ਸਾਜੇ। ਚਉਥਾ ਕਲਿਜੁਗ ਥਾਪਿਆ ਚਾਰਿ ਵਰਨਿ ਚਾਰੋਂ ਕੇ ਰਾਜੇ। ਬ੍ਰਹਮਣ ਛਤ੍ਰੀ ਵੈਸ ਸੂਦ੍ਰ ਜੁਗੁ ਜੁਗੁ ਏਕੋ ਵਰਨ ਬਿਰਾਜੇ। ਸਤਿਜੁਗਿ ਹੰਸ ਅਉਤਾਰੁ ਧਰਿ ਸੋਹੰ ਬ੍ਰਹਮ ਨ ਦੂਜਾ ਪਾਜੇ। ਏਕੋ ਬ੍ਰਹਮੁ ਵਖਾਣੀਐ ਮੋਹ ਮਾਇਆ ਤੇ ਬੇਮੁਹਤਾਜੇ। ਕਰਨਿ ਤਪਸਿਆ ਬਨਿ ਵਿਖੈ ਵਖਤ ਗੁਜਾਰਨਿ ਪਿੰਨੀ ਸਾਗੇ। ਲਖ ਵਰ੍ਹਿਆ ਦੀ ਆਰਜਾ ਕੋਠੇ ਕੋਟਿ ਨ ਮੰਦਿਰ ਸਾਜੇ। ਇਕ ਬਿਨਸੈ ਇਕ ਅਸਥਿਰੁ ਗਾਜੇ ॥੫॥
In Phonetic English chaari jougi kari daapanaa satijougu traytaa duaapar saajay. chaudaa kalijougu daapiaa chaari varani chaaron kay raajay. brahamani chhatree vaisi soodri jougu jougu ayko varan biraajay. satijougi hansu aoutaaru dhari sohan brahamu n doojaa paajay. ayko brahamu vakhaaneeai moh maaiaa tay baymuhataajay. karani tapasiaa bani vikhai vakhatu gujaarani pinnee saagay. lakhi varhiaan dee aarajaa kotday koti n mandari saajay. ik binasai ik asadiru gaajay ॥5॥
In Hindi Transliteration चारि जुगि करि थापना सतिजुगु त्रेता दुआपर साजे । चउथा कलिजुगु थापिआ चारि वरनि चारों के राजे । ब्रहमणि छत्री वैसि सूद्रि जुगु जुगु एको वरन बिराजे । सतिजुगि हंसु अउतारु धरि सोहं ब्रहमु न दूजा पाजे । एको ब्रहमु वखाणीऐ मोह माइआ ते बेमुहताजे । करनि तपसिआ बनि विखै वखतु गुजारनि पिंनी सागे । लखि वर्हिआं दी आरजा कोठे कोटि न मंदरि साजे । इक बिनसै इक असथिरु गाजे ॥५॥
In Varaan Bhai Gurdas Teeka by Giani Hazara Singh (Edited by Bhai Veer Singh ) - Gurmukhi ਚਾਰ ਜੁੱਗਾਂ ਦੀ ਥਾਪਨਾ ਥਾਪ ਕੇ ਸਤਿਜੁਗ, ਤ੍ਰੇਤਾ, ਦ੍ਵਾਪਰ ਰਚੇ। ਚੌਥਾ ਕਲਿਜੁਗ ਬਣਾਇਆ, ਚਾਰ ਵਰਣ ਚਾਰਾਂ ਦੇ ਰਾਜੇ ਬਣਾਏ। (ਅੱਗੇ ਵਰਣਾਂ ਦੇ ਨਾਮ ਦੱਸਦੇ ਹਨ:) ਬ੍ਰਾਹਮਣ, ਛੱਤ੍ਰੀ, ਵੈਸ਼, ਸੂਦ੍ਰ (ਚਾਰ ਵਰਣ ਹਨ, ਪਰੰਤੂ ਆਪ) ਚਾਰੇ ਜੁਗਾਂ ਵਿਖੇ ਇਕੋ ਹੀ ਸਰੂਪ ਸ਼ੋਭ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ। ਸਤਿਜੁਗ ਵਿਖੇ ਹੰਸ ਅਉਤਾਰ ਧਾਰਕੇ ਸੋਹੰ ਬ੍ਰਹਮ (ਦਾ ਪਤਾ ਦੱਸਿਆ) ਦੂਜਾ ਪਖੰਡ ਨਹੀਂ ਕੀਤਾ। (ਲੋਕ) ਇਕੋ (ਬ੍ਰਹਮ ਹੀ) ਬ੍ਰਹਮ ਆਖਦੇ ਸਨ, ਮੋਹ ਤੇ ਮਾਯਾ ਥੋਂ ਬੇਖਾਹਸ਼ (ਰਹਿੰਦੇ) ਸਨ। ਬਨ ਵਿਖੇ ਤਪ ਕਰਦੇ ਸਾਗ ਦੀ ਪਿੰਨੀ* (ਭਾਵ ਕੰਦ ਮੂਲ) ਖਾਕੇ ਸਮਾਂ ਟਪਾਉਂਦੇ ਸਨ। ਲੱਖ ਵਰ੍ਹੇ (ਅਰਥਾਤ ਸੌ ਹਜ਼ਾਰ ਵਰ੍ਹੇ) ਦੀ (ਆਰਜਾ=) ਉਮਰ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਸੀ (ਫੇਰ ਬੀ) ਕੋਠੇ ਕੋਟ ਤੇ ਮੰਦਰ ਨਹੀਂ ਬਣਾਉਂਦੇ ਸਨ। ਇਕ ਨਾਸ਼ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ ਦੂਜੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਅਚੱਲ (ਮੰਨਕੇ) ਗਜਦੇ ਹਨ।
In Varaan Bhai Gurdas Teeka by Giani Hazara Singh (Edited by Bhai Veer Singh ) - Hindi चार जुॱगां दी थापना थाप केसतिजुग, त्रेता, द्वापर रचे। चौथा कलिजुग बणाइआ, चार वरण चारां दे राजे बणाए। (अॱगे वरणां दे नाम दॱसदे हन:) ब्राहमण, छॱत्री, वैश, सूद्र (चार वरण हन, परंतू आप) चारे जुगां विखे इको ही सरूप शोभ रिहा है। सतिजुग विखे हंस अउतार धारके सोहं ब्रहम (दा पता दॱसिआ) दूजा पखंड नहीं कीता। (लोक) इको (ब्रहम ही) ब्रहम आखदे सन, मोह ते माया थों बेखाहश (रहिंदे) सन। बन विखे तप करदे साग दी पिंनी* (भाव कंद मूल) खाके समां टपाउंदे सन। लॱख वर्हे (अरथात सौ हज़ार वर्हे) दी (आरजा=) उमर हुंदी सी (फेर बी) कोठे कोट ते मंदर नहीं बणाउंदे सन। इक नाश हुंदे जांदे हन दूजे आप नूं अचॱल (मंनके) गजदे हन।
In Varaan Bhai Gurdas Teeka by Giani Hazara Singh (Edited by Bhai Veer Singh ) - Phonetic English chaara juāgaaṅ dee thaapanaa thaapa kesatijug, tretaa, dvaapara rache. chauthaa kalijuga baNaaiaa, chaara varaNa chaaraaṅ de raaje baNaae. (aāge varaNaaṅ de naama dāsade han:) braahamaN, chhātree, vaish, soodra (chaara varaNa han, parṅtoo aap) chaare jugaaṅ vikhe iko hee saroopa shobha rihaa hai. satijuga vikhe hṅsa autaara dhaarake sohṅ brahama (daa pataa dāsiaa) doojaa pakhṅDa naheeṅ keetaa. (lok) iko (brahama hee) brahama aakhade san, moha te maayaa thoṅ bekhaahasha (rahiṅde) san. bana vikhe tapa karade saaga dee piṅnee* (bhaava kṅda mool) khaake samaaṅ Tapaauṅde san. lākha varHe (arathaata sau hazaara varHe) dee (aarajaa=) umara huṅdee see (phera bee) koThe koTa te mṅdara naheeṅ baNaauṅde san. ika naasha huṅde jaaṅde hana dooje aapa nooṅ achāla (mṅnake) gajade han.
In Varaan Bhai Gurdas punctuation published by SGPC Amritsar ਪਉੜੀ ੫ ਚਾਰਿ ਜੁਗਿ ਕਰਿ ਥਾਪਨਾ¹; ਸਤਿਜੁਗੁ, ਤ੍ਰੇਤਾ, ਦੁਆਪਰੁ ਸਾਜੇ। ਚਉਥਾ ਕਲਿਜੁਗੁ ਥਾਪਿਆ¹; ਚਾਰਿ ਵਰਨਿ ਚਾਰੋਂ ਕੇ ਰਾਜੇ। ਬ੍ਰਹਮਣਿ ਛਤ੍ਰੀ ਵੈਸਿ ਸੂਦ੍ਰਿ; ਜੁਗੁ ਜੁਗੁ ਏਕੋ ਵਰਨ ਬਿਰਾਜੇ। ਸਤਿਜੁਗਿ ਹੰਸੁ ਅਉਤਾਰੁ ਧਰਿ; ਸੋਹੰ ਬ੍ਰਹਮੁ¹ ਨ ਦੂਜਾ ਪਾਜੇ²। ਏਕੋ ਬ੍ਰਹਮੁ ਵਖਾਣੀਐ; ਮੋਹ ਮਾਇਆ ਤੇ ਬੇਮੁਹਤਾਜੇ¹। ਕਰਨਿ ਤਪਸਿਆ ਬਨਿ ਵਿਖੈ ਵਖਤੁ ਗੁਜਾਰਨਿ ਪਿੰਨੀ ਸਾਗੇ¹। ਲਖ ਵਰ੍ਹਿਆਂ ਦੀ ਆਰਜਾ¹ ਕੋਠੇ ਕੋਟਿ ਨ ਮੰਦਰਿ ਸਾਜੇ। ਇਕ ਬਿਨਸੈ ਇਕ ਅਸਥਿਰੁ¹ ਗਾਜੇ ॥੫॥
In Varaan Bhai Gurdas punctuation published by SGPC Amritsar (ਜੁਗ ਆਦਿਕ) ¹ਸਥਾਪਨਾ। ¹ਬਣਾਇਆ। ¹ਮੈਂ ਬ੍ਰਹਮ ਹਾਂ। ²ਪਾਖੰਡ। ¹ਬੇ-ਪ੍ਰਵਾਹ। ¹ਕੰਦ ਮੂਲ ਜਾਂ ਸਾਗ ਪਤ। ¹ਉਮਰ। ¹ਅਚੱਲ।
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